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Funding Supported Employment

Are There Better Ways?

W. GRANT REVELL, Jr., currently is a research associate at the Virginia Commonwealth University Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment in the areas of policy analysis, funding, and cost/benefit. Revell formerly served as the director of the VCU Supported Employment National Technical Assistance Center. He previously worked for the Virginia state Vocational Rehabilitation Agency and supervised the state VR supported employment program. He initially employed with VR as a vocational rehabilitation counselor serving a specialty caseload of youth and young adults with severe disabilities.

MICHAEL WEST

MICHAEL WEST is an assistant professor at Virginia Commonwealth University, where he is affiliated with the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment. Dr. West's research projects have included national surveys of supported employment implementation and funding, a study of students with disabilities in higher education in Virginia, and the use of Medicaid Home and Community-Based Waivers to fund employment services.

YULIN CHENG

YULIN CHENG currently is a programmer at the Virginia Commonwealth University Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment. Cheng's main daily duties include Visual dBASE programming for the rehabilitation research survey forms and clinical data entry forms and statistical analysis of the multiple data sets for the rehabilitation research and supported employment projects. Cheng formerly worked for the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology at VCU to record experiment data and to calculate and compile tables and graphs with statistical analysis.

This article describes different methods used by state Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) agencies to fund time-limited supported employment services. Findings are reported from a survey of 385 vendored supported employment provider qencies regarding types of reimbursement method used, the influence of different types of methods on key consumer outcomes, aid recommendations for improviiig funding systems. The findings consistently pointed to significantly more positive response of vendors to funding methods that incorporate negotiated rates at the individual provider level as compared to statewide fixed rates for all vendors. Statewide fixed hourly rates were found to discourage both conversion to community integrated employment opportunities and the reopening of supported employment cases after job loss. The same response pattern held true for respondents' perceptions of reimbursements covering the costs of services. Statewide rates for specified outcomes or for daily, weekly, or monthly service units were found to cover the cost of services at levels significantly lower than the other funding methods.

Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Vol. 9, No. 1, 59-79 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/104420739800900104


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